Recently,in order to vigorously develop intelligent construction and promote the transformation and development of the construction industry with scientific and technological innovation,the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development listed 24 cities including Beijing as pilot cities for intelligent construction,with a pilot period of 3 years.In an interview with People's Daily Finance and Economics,many experts said that the pilot project will help cities explore new forms of intelligent construction,focus on solving problems in current project construction,and better play an important role as a fulcrum of the construction industry.In the future,intelligent construction needs to continue to work from many aspects,such as technology and management.
It is imperative to create a new business type of intelligent construction
"China's construction industry has created many firsts in the world,but it is also faced with problems such as poor product performance,huge waste of resources,prominent safety problems,serious environmental pollution,and low production efficiency."Ding Lieyun,academician of the CAE Member,said in an interview.
At the same time,China's construction industry is also facing the problem of labor shortage and rising labor costs.According to the monitoring data of migrant workers in 2021 by the National Bureau of Statistics,the average age of migrant workers is 41.7 years,0.3 years older than the previous year.Among them,the proportion of migrant workers over 50 years old was 27.3%,0.9 percentage points higher than the previous year,and 8.2 percentage points higher than 19.1%in 2016.
To solve these"pain points"and promote the high-quality development of the construction industry,Ding Lieyun believes that the only way to transform and upgrade the construction industry is to achieve intelligent construction and promote the deep integration of informatization and industrialization in the field of engineering construction.
At the 19th China International Engineering Project Management Summit,Wu Huijuan,Vice President of China Construction Industry Association,also proposed that we should vigorously promote the innovation of technology,management and business types in the construction industry,accelerate the integration of traditional construction industry with advanced manufacturing technology,information technology,energy saving technology,etc.,and promote industrial transformation and modernization with innovation.
How to do intelligent construction?According to the pilot document,the expected objectives of the pilot include accelerating scientific and technological innovation,building an intelligent construction industry cluster and cultivating backbone construction enterprises with key core technologies and system solutions,so as to achieve the expected effect of improving the development quality and efficiency of the construction industry,cultivating new industries,new formats and new models,and enhancing the international competitiveness of construction enterprises.
Continue to tackle key problems and build key technical support system
Technological breakthrough is the core of intelligent construction.According to expert opinions and existing research results,it is widely believed in the industry that the technical system of intelligent construction is mainly built by the support of AI,cloud computing,big data,BIM and other technologies.
Xiao Xuwen,an academician of the CAE Member,said in an interview that intelligent construction is a construction method highly integrated with traditional construction technology and modern technology.Its comprehensiveness and innovation are extremely strong,and it cannot be achieved overnight.It is necessary to put scientific research ahead of others,continue to increase scientific research investment,and continue to tackle key scientific and technological problems in order to achieve substantive results.
Artificial intelligence technology has been widely used in the construction industry.Many links,such as construction drawing generation and construction site arrangement,construction project budget,building benefit analysis,and building construction management system based on C/S environment development,have deep application of artificial intelligence.In the future,construction robots will become important construction aids to replace people to complete high-risk tasks such as high-rise operations.
From the planning and design at the beginning of construction to the later operation,each process will produce a large number of data on cost,materials,construction,technology,etc.The collection and analysis of all kinds of data cannot be separated from the support of big data technology.According to insiders,in the planning stage,big data can reasonably divide commercial,residential and other functional areas according to the population density,distribution,flow direction and other aspects around the building as a strong basis for building site selection;In the operation and maintenance stage,with the help of big data analysis,prediction and early warning can be realized to keep the construction equipment safe.
BIM technology refers to the engineering data model based on 3D digital technology and integrating various relevant information in the whole process of engineering design,construction,operation and maintenance.Relevant research results show that compared with the traditional design and construction process,the information model can effectively control the construction cycle and reduce errors.In the long run,BIM technology will also benefit future building operation,maintenance and facility management.
Looking around the world,the core competitiveness of countries that have made breakthroughs in the field of intelligent construction is the mastery of advanced technology.Ding Lieyun suggested that,on the basis of clarifying the gap between domestic and international engineering software,China should vigorously support the research and development and productization of engineering software technology,and focus on tackling the"choke point"pain points,so as to improve the level of intelligence in terms of application depth and breadth.
Multi parties work together to build an intelligent construction cooperation platform
In July 2020,13 ministries and commissions including the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development issued the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Coordinated Development of Intelligent Building and Building Industrialization,which clearly stated that:by 2025,the policy system and industrial system for the coordinated development of intelligent building and building industrialization in China will be basically established;By 2035,China will have made remarkable progress in the coordinated development of intelligent construction and building industrialization,and become a world power in intelligent construction.In September of the same year,nine ministries and commissions,including the Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development,issued Several Opinions on Accelerating the Industrialization of New Buildings,which clearly proposed to build an Internet platform for the construction industry.
Xiao Xuwen believes that promoting intelligent construction should focus on building an engineering construction information model management and control platform,digital collaborative design and robot construction,and do a good job in supporting the basic work of intelligent construction.
In addition to overcoming technical difficulties,what aspects should intelligent construction start from?Ding Lieyun said that at the level of management institutions,it is necessary to accelerate the construction of a number of innovation bases with deep integration of artificial intelligence technology and construction industry,and create a coordinated development mechanism of science and technology industry with the chain of"basic research-technological innovation-industrialization".At the same time,the management organization should orderly standardize the market environment and increase the scale of resource support for innovative enterprises.
From the perspective of construction enterprises,Ding Lieyun suggested that all enterprises should strengthen the management of production factors such as R&D equipment and personnel according to their own advantages and scale to ensure centralized archiving of resources and improve product quality.Small and medium-sized manufacturers should focus on specific technologies in the subdivided fields,and be professional and deep.They should not pursue large and comprehensive;Large manufacturers can propose the overall solution of intelligent construction for each subdivided industry,improve the comprehensive solution of interconnection and collaboration between enterprises,and achieve dislocation development and common growth with small and medium-sized manufacturers.
At the same time,Ding Lieyun also mentioned the important role of universities in talent training and theoretical research.He suggested that colleges and universities should focus on strengthening the construction of new engineering disciplines such as intelligent construction,cultivate compound talents who are proficient in engineering management,engineering technology and information technology,carry out independent and original research,and enrich theoretical reserves for intelligent construction.