Recently,the Ministry of housing and urban rural development issued the 14th five year plan for building energy conservation and green building development,which deployed nine major tasks,including improving the development quality of green buildings,improving the energy-saving level of new buildings,strengthening the energy-saving and green transformation of existing buildings and promoting new green construction methods,providing guidance for energy conservation and carbon reduction in the construction field and achieving the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutralization.
"At the beginning of reform and opening up,China's building energy consumption accounted for 10%of the country's terminal energy consumption.Now it has jumped to 23.1%,and the building energy consumption will continue to grow."Ni Jiangbo,vice president of China Building Energy Conservation Association,said that with the development of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standards,China's building stock will increase significantly in the future,building energy consumption and carbon emissions will still increase significantly,and the construction field will release huge potential for energy conservation and carbon reduction in the future.
Systematically promote green and low-carbon development from the user side
For the low-carbon effect of green buildings,Ni Jiangbo described it as"a single spark can start a prairie fire".In his opinion,as a terminal building product that comprehensively shows green performance,green building is the development direction and implementation carrier of green and low-carbon transformation of buildings.We should actively carry out pilot demonstration of green buildings with high energy conservation and carbon reduction levels such as ultra-low energy consumption,near zero energy consumption,low carbon and zero carbon,and lead large-scale promotion.Use green buildings to coordinate the production and application of green building materials,the whole life cycle of building construction,use,maintenance,transformation and demolition,and the energy conservation and carbon reduction in the whole process of the whole industrial chain,so as to promote the development and improvement of the green industrial chain.
"Adhering to systematic thinking and working from the client,the construction industry can contribute to carbon peak and carbon neutralization."Ni Jiangbo said that building materials,for example,first,vigorously promote the use of less building materials,implement the action of creating green buildings,vigorously promote green buildings,change the traditional extensive methods of large-scale construction,large consumption and large emission,strictly control building demolition,advocate green transformation and reduce the number of new buildings;Second,promote the use of green building materials;Third,turn construction waste into treasure and accelerate the recycling of building materials.
Ni Jiangbo said that we should give full play to the scattered advantages of buildings,vigorously develop the distributed utilization of renewable energy such as photovoltaic,photothermal,geothermal,air thermal and water source thermal energy,and develop the application of renewable energy in distributed building areas.China is rich in building roof resources and widely distributed.There is great potential to develop and construct distributed photovoltaic on roof and even building wall.
Take scientific and technological innovation as the starting point to promote green and low-carbon development
"This is a building that can'breathe'."Ye Qing,chairman of Shenzhen Academy of Building Sciences Co.,Ltd.,said proudly.As a three-star green building,CCB applies the concept of shared symbiosis throughout the whole process from design to operation,and applies about 40 green technology measures,including passive energy-saving design,natural lighting and ventilation,artificial wetland,three-dimensional greening,scenery complementary energy conservation,photoelectric curtain wall,temperature and humidity independent control air conditioning,etc.,so as to create a safe,healthy and efficient living environment and repair the ecological environment with the lowest resource consumption,So as to realize the harmonious coexistence between flowers,plants,insects,birds and people.
Compared with the same type of office buildings in Shenzhen,Jianke building can reduce the operation cost by about 1.5 million yuan per year,including 1.45 million yuan of electricity,54000 yuan of water,610 tons of standard coal and 1600 tons of carbon dioxide per year.
Green buildings such as Jianke building are not alone.In recent years,China's green buildings have achieved leapfrog development.The proportion of urban green buildings in new buildings has increased significantly from 2%in 2012 to 77%in 2020.The energy-saving target of 65%of building energy-saving has been basically popularized,and some provinces and cities have set the target of 75%of building energy-saving,which puts forward higher requirements for building materials,parts,construction technology and construction methods.
Wu Jingshan,Deputy Secretary General of China Building Energy Conservation Association,admitted that with the revolutionary transformation of the traditional building energy supply structure and application mode,enterprises in the whole construction industry need to jointly promote technological innovation and guide the transformation and upgrading of the whole building green and low-carbon industrial chain."For example,the thickness of external wall thermal insulation materials for building energy-saving transformation has reached 15 cm to 18 cm.If the energy-saving standard is further improved,the'cotton padded jacket'on the wall may be thicker.In this way,the risk of falling off and flammability of the thermal insulation layer will also be increased.In the future,we will actively develop external thermal insulation materials with the same thermal insulation effect,but lighter and thinner,better fire resistance and longer service life."Wu Jingshan said that in addition to thermal insulation materials,energy-efficient doors and windows,high-performance concrete,high-strength steel and other building materials,as well as waterproof at the joints of prefabricated buildings,all need to rely on stronger technical support to improve the energy efficiency of buildings.
Establish a long-term mechanism to break through the bottleneck of green and low-carbon development
In Wu Jingshan's view,to further promote building energy conservation and carbon reduction,first of all,we should strengthen the R&D and application of energy conservation and carbon reduction technology and build a green and low-carbon construction technology system in the whole process;Secondly,we should promote the coordinated development of the supply chain of the new construction industry;Secondly,we should promote the application of intelligent construction products and technologies and improve the intelligent level of engineering construction;Finally,we should use innovative technological means to convert geothermal and solar energy into energy that can be stored and utilized,so that the energy generated by the building exceeds the energy required for its own operation,so as to build a productive building.
"Technological innovation should go deep into the'capillaries'of the green building industry,not just the iterative upgrading of R&D on the'tall'Ni Jiangbo believes that we should pay attention to basic work,increase R&D investment in basic application technology and material technology,and improve the quality of basic work.In addition,we should speed up the development of green building models and assembly technology,and establish a rapid development mechanism for front-line talents in the field of green construction,such as the lack of long-term information technology.
At present,31 provinces,autonomous regions and cities in China have issued relevant plans or action plans for"double carbon",and the development of green buildings is at the right time.But at the same time,promoting green building still faces some bottlenecks:the society still does not pay much attention to building energy conservation;The extensive construction mode of"massive construction,massive consumption and massive emission"in the field of urban and rural construction needs to be transformed;The development of building energy conservation and green buildings is unbalanced between cities and rural areas,between the eastern coastal areas and the central and western regions.